Spinal cord decompression and stabilization in malignant lesions of the spine

Abstract

20 patients with neurologic deficit and pain from malignant spinal tumors (7 primary) underwent 28 decompression and stabilization procedures. Their mean age was 57 (30–74) years and 11 were women. Indications for stabilization were pathological spine fractures or a previous spinal decompression procedure. An anterior procedure was used in 2 patients with disease limited to 1 or 2 levels. A posterior procedure was used in 10 patients with widespread disease and unsatisfactory condition. Anteroposterior procedures in 1 or 2 stages were performed on 8 patients in satisfactory general condition with a malignant lesion at 1 or 2 levels and an unstable spine. Patients were submitted to radio- and/or chemotherapy postoperatively. Survival of patients treated for primary malignant tumors averaged 30 months and was 11 months for metastatic disease. 16 of the patients, especially those with nonmetastatic disease, had substantial relief of pain. Neurologic recovery was achieved in all of the anterior and combined anterior-posterior procedures and in 60% of the posterior decompressions. Complications included failure of the instrumentation in 2 cases, skin breakdown in another 2 and dislodgment of the autograft in 1.