No effect of ketoprofen and meloxicam on bone graft ingrowth: A bone chamber study in goats

Abstract

Background and purpose There is increasing awareness that non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and especially the cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) selective ones, may retard bone healing. We have used NSAIDs (indomethacin for at least 7 days) to prevent heterotopic ossification after acetabular reconstructions using impacted bone grafts. The long‐term clinical results have been satisfying, making it difficult to believe that there is an important negative effect of NSAIDs on graft incorporation. We studied the effect of two different NSAIDs on bone and tissue ingrowth in a bone chamber model in goats, using autograft, rinsed allograft, and allograft that had been rinsed and subsequently irradiated. Methods 9 goats received no NSAIDs, 9 received ketoprofen, and 9 received meloxicam—all for 6 weeks. In each goat 6 bone chambers were implanted: 2 filled with autograft, 2 with rinsed allograft, and 2 with allograft that had been rinsed and irradiated. The amount of bone ingrowth and total tissue ingrowth was compared between the groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in bone ingrowth between the different groups. Also, no differences in bone ingrowth were found with respect to the type of graft used. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in the total amount of ingrowth of fibrous tissue between the treatment groups. Interpretation No differences in bone ingrowth in titanium bone chambers could be detected with both ketoprofen and meloxicam compared to untreated control animals. This confirms our hypothesis that the effect of NSAIDs on the incorporation and ingrowth of bone graft is limited.